Validación de un método cuantitativo de Evaluación de Riesgos de Trastornos Músculo-esqueléticos en las tareas de las artes plásticas a partir de un método cualitativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46589/rdiasf.vi35.338Keywords:
Art, validation, Musculoskeletal, Disorder.Abstract
En años recientes, los trastornos músculo esqueléticos han recibido mucha atención, debido a su impacto en el desempeño y eficiencia laboral. Aunque los trastornos músculo esqueléticos están relacionados con los trabajadores industriales, algunos estudios revelan que son muchos otros sectores los que se ven afectados por ellos, sobre todo aquellos en donde se realizan tareas repetitivas, posturas sedentes y levantamiento de cargas. En las tareas de las artes plásticas prevalecen las tres condiciones mencionadas, de ahí el riesgo de presencia de trastornos músculo esqueléticos en los ejecutantes de las artes plásticas. En esta investigación se condujo un estudio longitudinal a lo largo de 16 semanas consecutivas en estudiantes de artes plásticas con el propósito de investigar el riesgo cualitativo de trastornos músculo esquelético durante el quehacer plástico y proponer un método cuantitativo para evaluar el riesgo de trastornos músculo esqueléticos en dichas tareas, se realiza la validación del método cuantitativo a partir del método cualitativo. Se aplicó un procedimiento estadístico de prueba de hipótesis para probar la significancia estadística de la recta de regresión lineal que correlaciona las valoraciones del método cuantitativo propuesto y el valor de índice RULA. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que existe una relación lineal entre los dos valores, el cuantitativo y el cualitativo, por lo que el método cuantitativo propuesto es adecuado para evaluar el riesgo de trastorno músculo-esquéletico en las tareas de las artes plásticas. Los resultados obtenidos establecen un procedimiento cuantitativo en el que se consideran los factores antropométricos individuales de cada individuo, los cuales no están considerados en los procedimientos cualitativos.
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