HEALING PROPERTIES OF MARIJUANA: SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE, MYTHS, AND BARRIERS

Uses of Cannabis sativa Components

Abstract

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries, and in recent years, scientific research into its healing properties has intensified. Despite these advances, myths and barriers persist that hinder its full integration into traditional medicine. In terms of scientific evidence, cannabinoids like THC and CBD have been shown to be effective for treating chronic pain, particularly in conditions such as multiple sclerosis or neuropathic pain. Additionally, their use has been proven in managing nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy, with medications like nabilone and dronabinol approved for these purposes. CBD has also shown effectiveness in reducing seizures in severe forms of epilepsy, such as Dravet syndrome, with Epidiolex approved by the FDA to treat these disorders.

In the case of anxiety and sleep disorders, while some individuals use marijuana for these issues, the evidence is more inconsistent, as high doses of THC can increase anxiety. Cannabinoids have also demonstrated moderate efficacy in reducing muscle spasticity in multiple sclerosis patients, and preliminary studies suggest that CBD has anti-inflammatory properties that could be helpful for conditions like arthritis, although more research is needed.

However, persistent myths about marijuana exist. For instance, while some laboratory studies suggest cannabinoids may inhibit cancer cell growth, there is no conclusive evidence that marijuana cures cancer in humans. Another myth is that marijuana is completely safe because it is natural, when in fact, it has psychoactive effects and can cause dependency, memory issues, and negative mental health effects, especially in young people. Additionally, although CBD and THC come from the same plant, they are not the same; THC is responsible for psychoactive effects and carries more risks compared to CBD.

The medicinal use of marijuana faces significant barriers, such as legalization and regulation, which vary across countries, complicating clinical trials. There is also social stigma that affects both patients and healthcare professionals, who may be reluctant to recommend it. Furthermore, the lack of long-term research on its effects and the variability in the composition of cannabis-derived products complicates its standardized use in medical practice.

In conclusion, marijuana has well-documented healing properties in specific areas, such as chronic pain management, nausea, and the treatment of severe forms of epilepsy, but it should not be considered a "miracle cure." As more studies are conducted, both its risks and benefits are likely to be further clarified, which could facilitate its acceptance and integration into traditional medicine.