IMPACTO ECONÓMICO DE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 EN LAS MIPYMES DE NAVOJOA, SONORA MEXICO

Abstract

The COVID-19 epidemic was declared an international public health emergency on January 30, 2020. The characterization of a pandemic meant that the epidemic had spread across several countries, continents, or the entire world, and that  affected a large number of people (Pan American Health Organization, 2020).  Certainly, humanity was not prepared for this emergency given the lack of treatments to combat the epidemic outbreak. The application of home quarantine, as a public health measure, to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 brought with it an economic impact that affected homes and companies. Among the main affectations that the companies showed in the year 2020 was the decrease in income, low demand and shortages of inputs and/or products (Nacional Financiera, 2021).  The micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (Mipymes) of Navojoa Sonora were no exception and were affected like millions in the world. It was found that 63% of the companies surveyed maintained operations, 26% were working behind closed doors and 7% of the companies surveyed ordered the total closure of operations. It was found that 77% experienced a drop in their income by an average of 20% to 30%, 61% mentioned suffering a shortage of merchandise from their suppliers. The companies mention several survival strategies to face the crisis caused by the pandemic, highlighting internet sales and remote work. For their part, 81% of the companies mention not having had information about any type of government support. Likewise, of the companies that did find out about the government program, 70% mentioned that it was insufficient. Finally, companies recommend being at the forefront of this type of situation and looking for ways not to interrupt the economic activity of companies.